Research status and development of biodegradable zinc alloy as orthopedics implant / 生物医学工程学杂志

Znic (Zn) alloys with good cytocompatibility and suitable degradation rate have been a kind of biodegradable metal with great potential for clinical applications. This paper summarizes the biological role of degradable Zn alloy as bone implant materials, discusses the mechanical properties of different Zn alloys and their advantages and disadvantages as bone implant materials, and analyzes the influence of different processing strategies (such as alloying and additive manufacturing) on the mechanical properties of Zn alloys. This paper provides systematic design approaches for biodegradable Zn alloys as bone implant materials in terms of the material selection, product processing, structural topology optimization, and assesses their application prospects with a view to better serve the clinic.

Advance of new dressings for promoting skin wound healing / 生物医学工程学杂志

As a temporary skin substitute, the dressings can protect the wound, stop bleeding, prevent infection and contribute to wound healing. According to the characteristics of the materials, wound dressings can be classified into traditional wound dressings, interactive dressings, bioactive dressings, tissue engineering dressings and smart dressings, etc. Different dressings have different characteristics, and some products have been widely used in clinic. Recently nanomaterials and three-dimensional bio-printing technology have significantly improved the performance of wound dressings. Future dressings will be developed from single function to multi-function composite, and integrated into an intelligent one. This paper reviews the current research progress and future development prospects of wound dressings.

Clinical effect of small dose of glucocorticoid in the treatment of AECOPD patients with severe disease associated with low levels of cortisol / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To explore clinical effect of small dose of glucocorticoid in the treatment of AECOPD patients with severe disease associated with low levels of cortisol.Methods72 patients with AECOPD in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and treatment group.The control group was treated with conventional AECOPD method,the treatment group was treated on the base of the treatment group with a small dose of corticosteroids,CRP, IL-6, TNF-α, FEV1, PCT and other indicators, as well as patients with ventilation, shock and mortality were compared after the end of treatment.ResultsThe time of non mechanical ventilation, the time of non-mechanical ventilation, and the time of non-shock were increased, the shock and the mortality was lower in the treatment group,(P<0.05);The CRP level of patients in the treatment group was lower(P<0.05);IL-6, TNF-α, PCT levels of patients in the treatment group was lower (P<0.05);FEV1, FVC and FEV1/FVC level in the treatment group were higher(P<0.05).ConclusionSmall dose glucocorticoid can improve the pulmonary function of patients with AECOPD complicated by severe disease, and alleviate the disease, significantly reduce the levels of inflammatory factors, promote the improvement of the lung function.

Research progress on radiotherapy for patients with implanted cardiac pacemaker / 中华放射医学与防护杂志

This article summarizes proposals of different international guidelines,clinical cases in clinical institutions at home and abroad and the latest research progress of tumor patients with implanted cardiac pacemaker.In addition,the various factors during the implementation of radiotherapy were analyzed.It is possible that reducing the risk grade and minimizing the unfavorable factors for pacemaker could be achieved by designing the scientific treatment plan and setting the reasonable radiotherapy plan.The radiotherapy plan can be established safely and effectively in malignant tumor patients with implanted pacemaker.

Effects of hydromorphone in prevention of shivering after spinal anesthesia / 中华全科医师杂志

Eighty patients(American Society of AnesthesiologistsⅠ-Ⅱ)scheduled for elective unilateral inguinal hernia surgery with spinal anesthesia between January and June 2016 were randomized into two groups with 40 in each group.Patients were intravenously injected with normal saline (5 ml) in control group or hydromorphone 5 μg/kg (diluted to 5 ml) in intervention group after spinal anesthesia.Tympanic temperature and the incidence of shrivering were measured before and after spinal anesthesia at predetermined intervals.Side effects during surgery and the first 48 h after surgery were recorded.Rescue drug tramadol 0.5 mg/kg was given intravenously to patients with grade ≥2 shivering for more than 5 min duration.Tympanic temperature decreased significantly compared to the baseline from 20 min in control group and from 10 min in intervention group after spinal blocking(P0.05).The incidence of shivering was significantly lower in intervention group [17.5%(7/40)] than that in control group [47.5%(19/40),χ2=8.205,P=0.004].The incidence of nausea and vomiting was 5.0%(2/40)in intervention group and 0.0% (0/40) in control group (χ2=2.051,P=0.494).The incidence of sedation was not significantly different between control group [0.0%(0/40)] and intervention group[10.0%(4/10),χ2=4.211,P=0.116].The use of rescue tramadol was more frequently in control group [32.5%(13/40)] than that in intervention group [7.5%(3/40),χ2=7.812,P=0.01].The results indicate that intravenous hydromorphone can significantly attenuate the incidence of shivering after spinal anesthesia for inguinal herniorrhaphy repair surgery with minimum side effects.

Therapeutic effect of ipratropium bromide on bronchial spasm in asthma and COPD / 中国生化药物杂志

Objective To investigate the therapeutic effect of ipratropium bromide on bronchial spasm of patients with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods 174 patients with asthma and COPD were selected and divided into two groups, 87 cases in the control group treated with budesonide and formoterol fumarate powder for inhalation , 87 cases in the experimental group received ipratropium bromide on the basis of the control group, pulmonary ventilation function, airway resistance and cytokine levels in induced sputum, the clinical effect and incidence of adverse reactions were compared after the treatment.Results The effective rate in the control group(81.61%)was lower than the experimental group (93.11%), with significant difference (P<0.05); compared with the control group, levels of peak expiratory flow (PEF), maximum midexpiratory flow (MMEF), forced expiratory volume in one second to forced vital capacity ratio (FEV1%), forced vital capacity (FVC) were higher in the experimental group after treatment, levels of airway resistance (Raw), Raw% were lower, level of specific airway conductance (Gsp) was higher after treatment, induced sputum levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), intercellular adhesion molecular-1 (ICAM-1), interleukin-13 (IL-13), IL-17 were lower after treatment, with significant difference (P<0.05);there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between the two groups.Conclusion The clinical effect of ipratropium bromide in the treatment of asthma and COPD was exactly , ipratropium bromide can significantly improve the pulmonary ventilation function in patients, relieve bronchial spasm, reduce airway resistance, inhibit airway inflammation, and the safety is higher.

The Trends of Antibiotic Resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli Analysis / 中国基层医药

Objective To study the trend of antimicrobial resistance to cnical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli.Methods VITEK-32 automated analysis system was used for bacteria differentiation and drug resistance determination.Results TS From 2005 to 2008,the prevalence of ESBLs in isolates of K.pneumoniae and E.coil were increasing,their were 36.6% ,40.6% ,41.5% ,41.0% each year separately.The ESBLs-producing bacteria,multiple-drug-resistant to the third generation cephalesporin,aminoglycosides,quinolones and sulfonamides were also increased.Conclusion There is an increasing trend of ESBLs produces and resistences in K.pneumoniae and E.coli,It is important for clinical physicians to understand the distribution and the resistance characteristics of ESBLs producing K.pneumoniae and E.coli were to antibiotics,and to control the ESBLs spread.